Explore Dickens presentation of education in Hard Times Essay

Dickens’ presents The Victorian education system in ‘Hard Times’ in a fundamentally negative way, Dickens’ expresses the idea that having an imaginative aspect to our education is essential. He does this through satirising the education system and mocking the characters. Throughout the novel, it is a purpose of Dickens being satirical towards the education system. Dickens opens the novel with a satirical description of Thomas Gradgrind and his utilitarian educational methods as he teaches the room full of students â€Å"Facts alone are wanted in life† (9) Dickens satirises Gradgrind’s commitment to an education comprised only of facts as Gradgrind exaggerates that facts are the only essential thing in life. â€Å"Fancy† (14) symbolises imagination and wonder compared to facts. Dickens emphasise â€Å"Fact† more than he does with â€Å"Fancy† he does this by repeating â€Å"fact† itself, sounds more forceful. Gradgrind’s view on education is his children are to never imagine or wonder. Gradgrind rejects the concept of â€Å"fancy† or imagination; ‘fancy’ has nothing to contribute to understanding; only things that can be measured are important. Gradgrind’s disapproving rant on fancy â€Å"You don’t walk upon flowers in fact† (14) to the students underlines that fancy is bad and it should be â€Å"facts!† (14) In his satirical description of Gradgrind, Dickens’ aim is of what he experienced in the industrial England during his time when education varied vastly, according to location, gender, and class, meaning that Dickens view on Utilitarianism is shown in a satirical way, and his beliefs stood out throughout the novel, this indicates how the education system was controlled. Dickens uses characters’ names to continue his satire of the utilitarian education system prevalent in Victorian Britain. Mr Gradgrind breaks into the word â€Å"Grind† as a means to crush, signifying his method of grinding down the students’ individuality and any imagination they may have entered the school with. Mr M’Choakumchild, breaks into â€Å"me, choke, child† Dickens’ exaggerates with the name as we don’t think the new teacher is literally choking the children in his care, that this Fact-obsessed creature will only choke imagination and feelings out of them. â€Å"If he had only learnt a little less, how infinitely better be he might have taught much more!† (15) This highlights that the utilitarianism system would function much better, if it were not so strung on facts. If Mr. M’Choakumchild had learnt less and been practically involved with his students more and would have taught far better. This is criticizing the way the system works. Dickens is suggesting that in the utilitarianism system, suggesting that ramming facts into students might not be the most effective way of teaching them. Not everything can be reduced to facts alone. Mr Gradgrind and Mr Bounderby are the main representations of utilitarianism and followers of the system. In Louisa’s proposed marriage to Bounderby, Dickens shows us a disastrous consequence of Gradgrind’s system that denied everything but facts. â€Å"You have been accustomed to consider every other question, simply as one of tangible Fact† (97) This illustrates that Gradgrind, who is incapable of expressing his emotions effectively toward Louisa, edges her into a marriage with Bounderby by stating various facts and statistics to her. Louisa is hesitant to communicate her feelings towards him â€Å"she returned, without any visible emotion† (96) David Lodge’s ‘How Successful Was Hard Times?’ (1981) argues that Gradgrind’s ideology in his system is questionable, Lodge explains that it is a â€Å"primary index of what is wrong with his system† Mr Bounderby is also a character with utilitarian beliefs, doubtlessly one of th e major characters that has a firm belief in the system, â€Å"you may force him to swallow boiling fat, but you shall never suppress force him to suppress the facts of his life† (23) He signifies the very essence of his ruthless principles that only has room for facts and statistics. ‘Hard Times’ outlines that a utilitarian approach to life is unsuccessful and costs those who follow their imaginations become robotic and inadequate to the system. Imagination and heart is found in the circus where Mr Bounderby and Mr Gradgrind despise â€Å"No young people have circus masters†¦ or attend circus lectures about circuses† (23) Gradgrind implies that circuses are not like a practical schoolroom. Dickens represents Sissy Jupe as an influential character of the novel who presents the value of a warm heart and embodies feelings and emotions. She is seen as a complete failure of Gradgrind’s system. However Dickens and the reader judge her as a success. The young innocent girl mocked by the teacher and presented as the â€Å"dumb† girl in the start of the novel, gradually turns out to be the most key character in the whole novel. Since the foundational significance of fact and the removal of fancy that Gradgrind’s education obli ges, Sissy Jupe will never succeed. Nevertheless, in spite of the education, Sissy becomes a young woman who is able to maintain her own principles and beliefs. The contrasting descriptions of Sissy and Bitzer are shown in their appearance. For example Sissy is described as radiant and warm â€Å"dark eyed and dark haired† (11) referring to her as someone who is the face of vitality. However Bitzer is portrayed as â€Å"what little colour he ever possessed† (11) and â€Å"His cold eyes would hardly have been eyes† (11)) Demonstrating that he is cold and emotionless with no heart and all calculation. Dickens uses Bitzer to demonstrate that other students are influenced by him, showing that he is a follower of Gradgrind’s system, whereas Sissy is the foreigner to the system. The Utilitarian education system relates to the industrial town ‘Coketown’ which consists of factories and â€Å"large streets †¦ like one another †¦ people equally like one another† (27) The town is linked to a â€Å"painted face of a savage† (27) that is described as barbaric and uncultured, the children are being deprived from the â€Å"ill-smelling dye† (27) Dickens suggests the society that the children/workers are living in is unsanitary â€Å"Jail† (28) indicating that they have no escape from their problems. The utilitarian system stamps out all imagination in the pupils and prepares them perfectly for the life of drudgery. Dickens describes as their lot as ‘hands’ in Coketown’s factories. Education presented in ‘Hard Times’ is shown as satirical in Dickensian vision of Utilitarianism. This is because Dickens is able to create a fool out of the system cunningly. Furthermore it is certain that what Dickens has presented is humorous and convincing with making the utilitarian ideology seem absurd through the novel. I find David Lodge’s argument towards Dickens opinion as liberal and potent.

7 Days of Prayers for the Souls in Purgatory Essay

PREPARATORY PRAYER My Jesus, by the sorrows You suffered in Your agony in the Garden, in Your scourging and crowning with thorns, in Your journey to Calvary, in Your crucifixion and death, have mercy on the souls in purgatory, and especially on those that are most forsaken; deliver them from the torments they endure; call them and admit them to Your most sweet embrace in paradise, where You live with the Father and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever. Amen See more: Homeless satire essay Prayers from The Raccolta (Here say the prayer for the day) 0ur Father Our Father in Heaven, Your Kingdom come; Your will be done on earth, as it is in Heaven. Give us this day our daily bread; and forgive us our sins, as we forgive those who sin against us; and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. Hail Mary Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with you; blessed are you among women; and blessed is the fruit of your womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us, sinners, now and at the hour of our death. Amen. Eternal Rest Eternal rest, grant unto them, O Lord; and let perpetual light shine upon them. May they rest in peace. Amen. Concluding Prayer Merciful Father, hear our prayers and console us. As we renew our faith in Your Son, whom You raised from the dead, strengthen our hope that all our departed brothers and sisters will share in His resurrection, who lives and reigns with You and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever. Amen. SUNDAY O Lord God omnipotent, I beseech You by the Precious Blood, which Your divine Son Jesus shed in the Garden, deliver the souls in purgatory, and especially that one which is the most forsaken of all, and bring it into Your glory, where it may praise and bless You forever. Amen. Our Father, Hail Mary, Eternal rest, etc. MONDAY O Lord God omnipotent, I beseech You by the Precious Blood, which Your divine Son Jesus shed in His cruel scourging, deliver the souls in purgatory, and among them all, especially that soul which is nearest to its entrance into Your glory, that it may soon begin to praise You and bless You forever. Amen. Our Father, Hail Mary, Eternal rest, etc. TUESDAY O Lord God omnipotent, I beseech You by the Precious Blood of Your divine Son Jesus that was shed in His bitter crowning with thorns, deliver the souls in purgatory, and among them all, particularly that soul which is in the greatest need of our prayers, in order that it may not long be delayed in praising You in Your glory and blessing You forever. Amen. Our Father, Hail Mary, Eternal rest, etc. WEDNESDAY O Lord God omnipotent, I beseech You by the Precious Blood of Your divine Son Jesus that was shed in the streets of Jerusalem while He carried on His sacred shoulders the heavy burden of the Cross, deliver the souls in purgatory and especially that one which is richest in merits in Your sight, so that, having soon attained the high place in glory to which it is destined, it may praise You triumphantly and bless You forever. Amen. Our Father, Hail Mary, Eternal rest, etc. THURSDAY O Lord God omnipotent, I beseech You by the Precious Body and Blood of Your divine Son Jesus, which He Himself on the night before His Passion gave as meat and drink to His beloved Apostles and bequeathed to His Holy Church to be the perpetual Sacrifice and life-giving nourishment of His faithful people, deliver the souls in purgatory, but most of all, that soul which was most devoted to this Mystery of infinite love, in order that it may praise You therefore, together with Your divine Son and the Holy Spirit in Your glory forever. Amen. Our Father, Hail Mary, Eternal rest, etc. FRIDAY O Lord God omnipotent, I beseech You by the Precious Blood which Jesus Your divine Son did shed this day upon the tree of the Cross, especially from His sacred Hands and Feet, deliver the souls in purgatory, and particularly that soul for whom I am most bound to pray, in order that I may not be the cause which hinders You from admitting it quickly to the possession of Your glory where it may praise You and bless You for evermore. Amen. Our Father, Hail Mary, Eternal rest, etc. SATURDAY O Lord God omnipotent, I beseech You by the Precious Blood which gushed forth from the sacred Side of Your divine Son Jesus in the presence and to the great sorrow of His most holy Mother, deliver the souls in purgatory and among them all especially that soul which has been most devout to this noble Lady, that it may come quickly into Your glory, there to praise You in her, and her in You through all the ages. Amen. Our Father, Hail Mary, Eternal rest, etc.

The correlation between organisational culture and security Essay

The correlation between organisational culture and security - Essay Example The extent to which organisational culture determines nature and perceptions of the security environment is both of practical relevance and theoretical interest. A highly typical scenario exists when choices about security have to be made by the management as an opportunity cost principle (Fennelly, 2003, p.364). The primacy and immediacy of such choices lie in the fleeting background of real and perceived threat perceptions by the organisation. Thus organisational culture converges on the logical premise that hidden threats to its own existence could be physical and real or/and perceived and unreal. The extent to which these conceptualisations will determine the response of the organisation depends on the organisational culture. When organisational culture is based on "a set of shared values and beliefs among a community or people", then perceptions about security and threats become more formidable because such perceptions acquire a larger dimension in the organisational context, including a costs versus benefits evaluation (MacCrie, 2007, p.230). Above all organisational culture is a theoretical construct with implications for the security of the organisation beyond the definable limits.Organisational culture presupposes a pattern of behavioural tendencies on the part of both internal and external stakeholders (Driskill and Brenton, 2005, p.12). Mutually beneficial behaviours and a system of corresponding rights and obligations presume that the organisation progresses through a complex network of sub-cultures that seamlessly integrate into a value-centric system. Internal and external relationships that exist at each level and layer, are presumably influenced by the quality and quantum of communications. This in turn has an impact on the organisation's security perceptions. An analogous situation exists in group relations where groups of individuals bound by their own internal rules, rights and obligations will still seek to establish contacts with others. At the individual organisational level this behaviour is subject to a renewed concern for security and an ever increasing awareness of threats. As Schein puts it, "Culture is an abstraction, yet the forces that are created in social and organisational situations that derive from culture are powerful" (Schein, 2004, p.3). Mullins, on the other hand, states that an organisation pursues its goals based on an underlying ideology or philosophy, based on beliefs, values and attitudes. Within the organisation, culture is a pervasive influence over people's behaviour and actions, and reflects in the performance of work - what is not acceptable and what behaviours and actions are encouraged and discouraged. It can also include traditions, values, beliefs and attitudes (Mullins, 2007, p.531). Mullins places emphasis on the objectivity of culture influence and also attributes some ideological characteristics to it. Finally organisational goals,

Principles of Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Principles of Economics - Essay Example At ceteris peribus, an increase in the prices of alcohol will cause a fall in the quantity demanded and consumed of a product (Becker, 2001). This would help mitigate the economic impacts of over consumption of alcohol. However, the economists must put into consideration the fact that the demand curve of alcohol is normally inelastic given the fact that it is addictive. They therefore have to realize that an increase in the tax level may lead to a small decline in the quantity of the product consumed. The second option that can be pursued by an economist is moral persuasion. In this case, economists will prefer explaining the marginal cost and marginal benefits of consuming alcohol. In this case, the marginal cost will be higher than the marginal benefits hence economists will promote campaigns against the use of alcohol (Frank & Bernanke, 2007). They will therefore influence the enactment of legislation to bar teenagers from using alcohol; limit the number of drinking hours among ot her measures that reduce the consumption level. When some drugs are prescribed for use, they will influence the demand and supply of other products. For instance, the demand for products used in the manufacture of a drug will increase if the quantity of the drug prescribed has been increased. ... The elasticity of the two curves will determine the effectiveness of the policies formulated to regulate the performance of the economy. A shift in the supply curve will lead to a change in the new equilibrium point. If the demand curve were inelastic, a huge shift in the supply curve would result into relatively small changes in the equilibrium price (Boyes & Melvin, 2008). Elasticity of the demand curve will therefore influence the economic impact of the shift in the supply curve. For instance, a shift in the supply curve would only result in an increase in the equilibrium price if the demand curve were perfectly inelastic. Policymakers will therefore determine the effectiveness of their decisions when considering the steepness of the demand curve (Frank & Bernanke, 2007). Similarly, the elasticity of the supply curve will influence the net effect of a shift in the demand curve. Where the supply is inelastic, a shift in the demand curve will cause little or no change in the equilib rium quantity because even with an increased demand, suppliers will not be able to expand the quantities supplied. Prices will therefore increase but the quantity supplied will remain relatively constant. The elasticity of either the demand and supply curves are normally important when formulating policies aimed at influencing economic performance i.e. the government can increase the taxes imposed on goods with inelastic demand because this would not significantly affect the amount of the good consumed (Becker, 2001). For an increasing cost industry, entry of a new firm will result in an increase in the unit cost of production. When a firm enters the market, it will cause the prices of the resources used in

Critical Response Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Response - Research Paper Example This paper will explore the film’s content, as well as formal aspects, including, among others, performance and genre. Almodovar appreciates the element of desire, particularly homosexual desire, which is a tough topic regarding a normal human condition. The director considers desire as the absolute necessity to be wanted or desired, however, the interplay of desires often makes it difficult for two desires to correspond. The integration of such a sensitive topic in the film not only adds to its richness, but also highlights the array of formal aspects employed to present the issue in a delicate manner. Almodovar’s use of comedy and comic sensibilities eases the manner in which the touchy issues of homosexuality, nudity, violence, jealousy and lust are presented and discussed. According to Smith (187) La Ley del Deseo develops the central theme of morality as highlighted by homosexuality and transsexuality. Almodovar’s style also encompasses the use of themes to develop new themes. For instance, the theme of love without constraints results in the emergence of the theme of death. The disregard of sexual differences in the endeavor to find love without restrictions results in the eventuality of death. Pally (35) perceives Almodovar’s presentation of these touchy issues as celebratory instead of frightening. Almodovar uses light to frame the film’s characters’ faces with a sense of protection and care, which does away with the characters’ inherent confusion. This use of light allows the viewer to appreciate the braveness and joyousness of the characters that choose to be true to their true emotions regardless of the outcome. The extravagant use of bright color in the film speaks to Almodovar’s visual style. In addition to the integration of color in the film, Almodovar incorporates art, for instance, the hopper print that appears in Pablo’s apartment. The use of bright colors and art adds to the filmà ¢â‚¬â„¢s overall visual superiority. In addition, Almodovar uses other stylistic touches such as fade and close-up. For instance, in one scene, framing shifts from a close-up of Pablo’s eyes to the revolving wheels of his car, the wheel cover aligns perfectly with Pablo’s pupils (La Ley del Deseo). In essence, even when Almodovar portrays Pablo’s makeshift family as incredibly outrageous through silly narrative, the director protects the nobility, emotional richness and strength of all characters. Characterization adds to the richness of the film. For instance, while the film appears to be falling apart in some instances, characters such as Tina who is fierce, funny and independent do not fall apart, thereby holding the film together. Operating in a cultural environment that frowns upon nudity, especially male nudity, Almodovar does his best to deal with the awkwardness of the topic in a comic manner. However, according to Medhurst (127) the use of comedy in pre senting serious issues in La Ley del Deseo complicates the manner in which Almodovar and the film are perceived culturally. Notably, since comedy relies on inside cultural knowledge, the region from which La Ley del Deseo was generated largely influences the appreciation of the film’s message (Medhurst 132). Spanish roots have significantly influenced the film’s raw material, thereby impacting the way people from other cultures perceive its intrinsic message. On

Behavior in Higher Mammals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Behavior in Higher Mammals - Essay Example They achieved a balance between molecular work, on the one hand, and anatomical and paleontological2 work on the other hand making them the higher amongst the all mammals found. Scientists say placental mammals are the most prominent mammals in the world today. Realizing the biggest category of the mammals we need to understand the ways in which we could observe them. Various precautions have to be taken before beginning with this activity. Some the things that have to be studied are It would be easy to observe domestic mammals in the beginning if you are not equipped with complete biological exploring4 kit. If you have a large team and resources you can go out and observe them in open settings else placental mammals can be started with to begin the study. Some of the placental mammals include rats, squirrels, rabbits, elephants, horses, lions, tigers, pandas, pigs, sheep, dolphins, whales, as well as humans and other primates. So we can begin our study by choosing the mammals we can have control over like rats, squirrel, pig, sheep, dolphins because they might be too friendly about your observation activity. So being precautious friendly mammal has to be chosen before you become expert with the technique of observing mammals. (According to Frost, PWS and the Gulf of Alaska (GOA)) Some o... Various precautions have to be taken before beginning with this activity. Some the things that have to be studied are We need to study the eating habits of the mammal. Realization of its food chain and biome3 is most necessary. Categorization into domestic and free mammal has to be realized. If one chooses to observe a mammal in a natural and semi natural surroundings one has to get knowledge about their foot marks their smell and things which attract them. Gulati Peeyush 2007 Keen observations have to be made depending upon the environment we have chosen to make observations. It would be easy to observe domestic mammals in the beginning if you are not equipped with complete biological exploring4 kit. If you have a large team and resources you can go out and observe them in open settings else placental mammals can be started with to begin the study. Some of the placental mammals include rats, squirrels, rabbits, elephants, horses, lions, tigers, pandas, pigs, sheep, dolphins, whales, as well as humans and other primates. So we can begin our study by choosing the mammals we can have control over like rats, squirrel, pig, sheep, dolphins because they might be too friendly about your observation activity. So being precautious friendly mammal has to be chosen before you become expert with the technique of observing mammals. (According to Frost, PWS and the Gulf of Alaska (GOA)) Some of the richest marine mammal fauna in the world: 21 species are currently known to live in these waters, of these 21, four species - the harbor seal, the killer whale, the sea otter, and the stellar sea lion - would likely be the easiest and most useful to monitor. So if you are technologically

Labor laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Labor laws - Essay Example The best means of establishing a regulatory system that could protect employees against exploitation was through via the legal system that has already been established and holds valid authority on such matters. The legal system established a set of labor laws that were meant for this purpose and designed to fight for the â€Å"Average Joe† so to speak. Labor laws can be described as a set of rules that govern the relationship between an employee and their employer and have been designed to act as a baseline of what is expected from both parties (Ewing, McColgan & Collins, 2005). It can be said that these laws exist because frictionless economic efficiency can often operate to the disadvantage of the employed, even to the point of the violation of the basic civil rights of the employed. However, the role and structure of labor laws will have to be examined to determine whether the above statement contains any truth. By taking an in-depth look at the labor laws and role they pla y for both parties (that is, the employer and the employed) one is able to establish the essentiality of the existence of labor laws. Why Labor Laws Exist In order to properly understand the topic of discussion it is important for one to understand why labor laws were introduced into the legal system and the reason for their creation (Selwyn, 2008). There are a number of reasons that one can find for the existence of labor laws and by observing the main ones, one is able to visualize the need for these kind of regulation to be set in place. There can be said to be three main reasons why labor laws exist, these three reasons cover all the parties involved and the main angles that the subject can studied from. They include: 1. Employee Protection Labor laws exist to ensure that individuals working for organizations are not exploited as a result of their inability to stand up for themselves due to the size of the opposition. Labor laws are put in place to ensure that every employee is able to enjoy their basic needs and rights despite their various positions and circumstances and provides a tool that can be wielded against companies that may attempt to mistreat their employees. This can in fact be said to be the main reason behind the emergence of labor laws (Befort & Budd, 2009). The existence of these laws ensures that employees are treated fairly in their place of work and are not bullied by the large organizations in any context or form. The resources and clout that some large organizations hold in the society and business world would have meant that few individuals would have been successful fighting for their rights unless they had an equally influential backing supporting their cause. This backing has been offered by the labor laws that exist in the country (Ewing, McColgan & Collins, 2005). A good example of such protection is seen in excerpts of the existing labor laws such as the issue of Minimum Wage which entails the least amount of money that an indi vidual can be paid for their work (Keshawn & Arn, 2005). This ensures that a company does not exploit individuals in financial trouble by offering them unfair remuneration for the work that they have put in knowing that in some situations some may not have a

History - United States History 1865 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History - United States History 1865 - Essay Example Expansion of Cuban sugar industry had then brought a measure of prosperity and a dwindling of the independent movement. But a change in American tariff policies in 1894 affected the Cuban sugar market and brought hard times, unemployment and a renewal of hostilities in early 1895. Spanish government sought to introduce reforms in Cuba on the diplomatic demand of U.S, just when the controversy seemed to be quieting and the U.S battleship 'Maine' was sunk. Despite frantic Spanish efforts to prove that the Spanish government had no part in the sinking, and new diplomatic concession, the U.S Congress started the demand of Spain quitting the island altogether. War was the result. Throughout the nineteenth century U.S had pursued the policy of expansion. But as a new industrial America emerged it started its journey to become the new world power after the war. The country's interest in international affairs steadily grew. Friendly relations with Japan and trade with China was increased to the point when Open Door Policy 1899 was presented as a means of keeping China's trade open to all comers. Later U.S, along with Britain, Germany, France, and Japan entered into a world-wide race for power. Viewed in the long perspective, the Spanish American War was but one incident in a series of events which marked this arrival of United States as a world power. The years between 1865 a... There were many industrial revolutionary inventions like sewing machine, steel plow, telegraph, light bulb, telephone and many more, which made the U.S. boom in the international market. As America was on its path to become the world power, it introduced the method of mass production in the country. America was a rich continent for the aggressive and ingenious to master. Between 1865 and 1880 the national wealth doubled and by 1900 it became massive. The nation's iron ore, its oil, its lumber, and its western agricultural lands were sources of yet untapped wealth. Its people, who by and large admired the successful enterprise, eagerly provided investments and speculative capital. Only then it became clear that the dynamic capitalism of an expanding America, seizing upon unparalleled natural resources and utilizing the new machines of the industrial revolution, had transformed the national economy. There were 140,000 industries of all types in 1860 and by 1880, there were 250,000. In 20 years the employee double and labor force got strong. Estimated wealth in 1865 was 20 billion while in 80's it was 43 billion. Bank deposits tripled between 1865 and 1880. The inflation rate between 1880 and1890 was below 5 percent, which resulted in deduction of the tax rate. There were many ups and downs during this time period but it was not enough to become a hurdle in America way in becoming a world power. 3. Discuss the problems associated with the Industrial Revolution and how the people reacted. Include in your discussion the Populists and the Progressives. The United States, as a powerful force in the modern era of industry and world commerce, henceforth was to be an important participant in world affairs. There

The Abuse of Volunteering For Public Service Essay

The Abuse of Volunteering For Public Service - Essay Example These include social amenities like health, fire services, and housing among others. The public service was mostly provided by public servants who were hired by the government to ensure that the services are rendered to the masses. Most public servants are qualified in their respective fields to provide efficient service. In recent times, the public has been encouraged to participate in public service. This is done so that the public could play a role in the betterment of the lives of the community. The participation of the public will ensure that its members contribute directly to providing services that are required by a community. Initially, individual participation in volunteering for public service was purely based on altruism, a sense of obligation and patriotism that the community possessed. In recent times, however, the reasons for voluntary participation in public service have been questioned, since the motives are not based purely on duty. The motives of volunteers are most ly egocentric; these people want to attain benefits for themselves, so the original intention of helping the community as a whole is neglected. This raises the question whether or not voluntary public service has lost its meaning? This is because nowadays it is hard to distinguish if the volunteering is done due to duty or due to the desire of the volunteer to benefit himself or herself as opposed to the public. Individuals have contributed to public service in various ways. This includes volunteering time and expertise or monetary assistance. The motives of these contributions are, however, questionable, since not all of them are done to benefit only the society. The individuals may have an angle that is self-beneficial. This may be to gain political, educational, or career millage. Though there are individuals who volunteer only for noble reasons, this practice has been corrupted by selfish interests. The perception of public service has evolved over the years. This is because var ious motivations other than altruism are evident in the individuals volunteering for this. This is because individuals are volunteering for the services so that they can gain something in return. This may be to attain an advantage academically or to have a better-looking resume among other self-serving interests. In academic institutions, the students are required in some instances to gain field experience (Lee 3). One of the ways these students can achieve this is through volunteering for public service. The students are assimilated into public sectors and are given duties of public servants. This is then reflected in their reports and appraised by their respective institutions. In this scenario, both the public and the students benefit from this arrangement. This is because the students will devote hours of their time to serve the public while receiving the required field experience for their course. In their time as volunteers, the students will take part in activities that are b eneficial to the welfare of the society. However, there is a downside to this in that some of the student will volunteer only to get the required hours from the exercise (Lee 4). This will result in the students not giving quality service to the public, since they will not be dedicated to the service. The students will consider the volunteering only as a forced requirement rather than as a

Communication and practice within the early years environment Essay

Communication and practice within the early years environment - Essay Example By the exhaustive definition, we can say that it’s a process that can be termed as complex because it’s not a just a one way sending of message but also, receiving it and understanding its exact intent. It also requires the receiver to send a feedback to the sender of the message stating that he has understood the message. Wilbur Schramm (1954) said that the feedback is very important, because it justifies the extent to which the receiver has grasped the message, and if there is any mistake in the understanding of the meaning, it can be corrected there and then itself. It involves information from many sources, therefore the sender has to refine the raw data that he comes across and put it together in a more comprehendible manner so that it becomes easier for him to send the message as well as the receiver to understand it. The content of the message should be relevant to the situation the sender is in and it should also be clear and precise. This was also illustrated b y the model given by Shannon and Weaver (1949) namely The Information Processing Theory. Wherein he said that a full loop of communication has a source, source’s message, a transmitter, a signal and a receiver. The receiver again sends a message which has to be sent to a particular destination. After this model Wilbur Schramm (1954) said that the sender encodes the message and the receiver decodes it to make sense of what has been imparted through the medium of a transmitter (a phone, a letter, face to face interaction, gestures etc.). According to him, the individual’s knowledge and experience play a vital role in the communication. The importance of feedback was also reinforced through his work. Next came the Berlo’s Model of communication in 1960. He argued that the source and receiver should communicate at the same level. With respect to children, Bandura (1977) devised a theory of imitation. According to him, children learn to communicate by observing and i mitating the parents and teachers. They try to make role models out of them. Seeing them behave them in particular manner, they act in the same way. When these associations happen over a period of time, these behaviors get reinforced and get deep seated. Interpersonal communication is a selective, systemic, unique, processual (is an ongoing process) transactions that allow people to reflect and build knowledge of one another and create shared meaning (wood, 2010). Dainton (2011) also argued that interpersonal communication as a process occurring between two individuals, when they are close in proximity, able to provide immediate feedback and utilize multiple senses. If we ponder over the former definition, we come to segregate the definition into its various subparts. Interpersonal communication has a selective nature, which means that we select people with whom we want to communicate. We meet a plethora of people every day, but we don’t quite have any associations with these people. Secondly, we can describe the aforementioned phenomena as systemic, which means that it takes place within and around before stated systems that are valid as well as reliable. Thirdly, the process of interpersonal communication is unique in its own right because like it’s mentioned above, every human is different and therefore the way

Era of social and cultural rebellion Essay Example for Free

Era of social and cultural rebellion Essay The disintegration of American values was reflected in manners and morals that shook American society to the depths. (Leuchtenburg) The 1920s was an era in which the Americans showed their independence through actions; learning not to live the same ways that those preceded them had. The 20s was a cultural and socialistic rebellious attitude, decomposing past American ethics and beliefs. The most obvious rebellion is shown by the feminine movements during this time. The 1920s led to a new role for American women, in which females desperately tried to rid themselves of Victorian roles they had played in the past. In an effort to become modern and masculine, the flapper led to newly recognized rights for females in the male fields. The flappers showed their rebellion by wearing short skirts that in previous years would have been entirely inappropriate dress for women. Rebellion was also shown by the increased number of females working in public offices, obtaining jobs, attending colleges, and having leading roles in professional careers (events that were practically unheard-of fifty years earlier.) Women professionals increased 50 percent, while married working women increased 30 percent. With the suffrage movement in 1920, women started out the 20s with a passion for independence and political and social rights. Women lived by themselves, proving absolute independence from men. They, who had once been thought of as mens property solely to perform the acts of cleaning and cooking, were revolting against their title of exclusive possession. Once the rebellion against stay-at-home wives had started, women who still fulfilled that role felt compelled to apologize that they were not out working alongside men in the job world. (Leuchtenburg) Marriage was also a way to rebel; women who were unhappy in marriages felt that they had the right to divorce their husbands; this act more then doubled between the years of 1914 and 1929. Divorce, once thought to be completely immoral, was becoming quite common. All these factors show that the female race was using the 1920s to revolt against issues they had previously disagreed with, but never had the courage to address. The 1920s brought a breakdown in ethics. Couples went further in publicly showing their affection for each other. Sex was a common discussion topic,  not only for women but young girls. Suggestive topics were broadcasted all over the radios, movies, and newspapers. Parties were no longer chaperoned, and parents no longer had knowledge about their daughters actions. The fact that individuals during this time were so free with their sexual favors proves the fact that people during this time wanted to show their capability at making decisions for themselves. (Leuchtenburg) One may argue that the 1920s was not an era of social and cultural rebellion, and bring up the opinion that the dresses the flappers wore were efforts to save money. (Shannon) This is possible, but in order to feel completely at ease at wearing what would have been considered (only a decade earlier) an outrageous outfit, the women would have had to rebel. One might also say that the reason why there were increased numbers of women attending college was not the fact that they were rebelling to prove their equality with men, but rather because it was the first time they could ever afford such an education. This is untrue; debt was so high in the 20s that most families would have been unable to afford a college education. During the 1920s, the economy grew into a consumer economy, one that revolved around the ability of the citizens to consume products. In order to make it easy for the people to do this, credit was developed. With the innovation of credit, many people became in debt, and consumer debt rose a total of 250 percent. Personal debt rose 2.5 times faster then personal income, and people just didnt have money to spend it on an education solely for the reason of becoming educated. However, in order to show their equality, women would have been more willing to put a college education on credit. In conclusion, the Roaring Twenties was a time of serious cultural and social rebellion. People wanted to live their lives they way they chose; they wanted to show their independence and ability to make decisions, and not live by the beliefs of their predecessors.

Movie Review of Maria Full of Grace and De Nadie Essay Example for Free

Movie Review of Maria Full of Grace and De Nadie Essay Maria Full of Grace is a film by Joshua Marston revealing drug trafficking world. The desperation of people sue to poverty is depicted well in this movie Columbian drug lords use mules to transport cocaine to the U. S. Mules are actually humans used to carry drugs to be transported to other countries without being detected. The mechanism is through the ingestion of capsules containing the product and stores it in the mule’s stomach, after which it will be expelled. Many people are attracted to this type of job because the drug lords will try to convince you that the job is easy plus it involves a large amount of money in exchange of your service to them. However, if any of the drug products was lost during the transport, you will have to deal with the brutal consequences and it means exchange of your life or your family’s life as the mules are no more important as any other plastic containers (Berardinelli, 2004, p. n. pag. ). Maria, performed by Catalina Sandino Moreno is a 17-year old young girl who hates her job as a de-thorner in a factory. Her family that includes her mother, grandmother, and unmarried sister however relies on Maria’s salary to survive. Maria then quits her lifeless job and finds out that she is pregnant but her boyfriend refuses to marry her. After this devastating event of her life, she accepted the offer a man gave her to be a mule of the Columbian-New York run. Together with two young girls Blanca (Yenny Paola Vega), and Lucy (Guilied Lopez), Maria thought the job was easy and was blinded by the money she will earn in this type of job. In addition, Lucy grabs the opportunity to go to New York to reunite with her sister. The three girls were not forced to be in this kind of business; they chose their own path because of their greed and need for money. They thought of United States as their only way out of poverty especially Maria as she prepares herself for her unborn unwanted child (Berardinelli, 2004, p. n. pag. ). The dramatization built by Marston in the film is flawless as he developed each character. The story is very moving as it is very realistic because of the increasing poverty in third-world countries. Moreno gives a memorable performance as she flawlessly portrayed Maria as a hopeless, desperate and selfish girl who greed for money (Berardinelli, 2004, p. n. pag. ). De Nadie Another documentary film showing the desperation of people driven by poverty is De Nadie. This film directed by Tim Dirdamal brings us to the world of migrants from South America looking for a way to enter North America. They believe that migration to the United States is the only way to get rid of poverty. However, their search for a route is often illegal and migrates from the Central America who initially has to cross Mexico before going to United States are given less attention (Coupeau, 2006, p. n. pag. ). The process of migration is by a fast moving cargo train crossing the Mexican territory. However, many aspiring migrants die or amputated as they fall and pushed off the fast moving train. This unimaginable risk is taken by those people as a solution to their miserable poor life. Se Maria, a Honduran migrant whose life was changed after seeking help in the hands of a group of Mexican nuns who conducted a fund raising activity using raffle draws. Madres de la Patrona gave food to the immigrants taking risks to enter United States (Coupeau, 2006, p. n. pag. ). . Compare and Contrast Both films are political as they expose the desperation of many people in order to escape poverty. The directors are not biased in their portrayal of poverty and the hopelessness and greed of people for money. Also, the aspiration of many people from all countries to go to United States is because of their belief that when you go to U. S, poverty will go away. What they don’t know is due to global crisis, many people in the U. S are now unemployed and also experiencing financial problems. Both Maria Full of Grace and De Navie showed that people’s principles are easily swayed when money is involved. The natural greed of humans to money made the characters Maria, Blanca and Lucy of Maria Full of Grace and Maria of De Navierisk their lives. They took what they though the one chance that will get them out of their miserable lives. Also, both are very realistic films since it cannot be denied that drug trafficking and illegal immigrations are two of the most known illegitimate money-making businesses. Both films showed that no one is to be blamed other than yourself because it was shown in both movies that no one forced the characters to enter drug trafficking and illegal immigration. Although they are both victims of poverty, they are not innocent victims of drug trafficking and illegal immigration. I find Maria Full of Grace more moving than De Navie since more lives are ruined in drug trafficking than in illegal immigration. Drug trafficking is a more serious problem in that the mules that act as carriers of drugs doesn’t realize that they are tolerating the business that ruins many lives and families. Bibliography Berardinelli, J. (2004). Maria Full of Grace. Retrieved May 2, 2010, from http://www. reelviews. net/movies/m/maria_full. html Coupeau, D. S. (2006, August 2006). Alterinfos America Latina. Retrieved May 2, 2010, from http://www. alterinfos. org/spip. php? article465

Singapore Zoo Marketing Strategies

Singapore Zoo Marketing Strategies The new event of process scheduled in the recent era is the launch of e-Business. This process is basically an additional method for the growth of productivity and an increase in the zone of profit for the business that is involved. The key structure of the e-Business is the active utility of the computers and online transactions. This also involves various strategies to complete the process and handle the structure with core techniques for the best result. The acquired process of marketing and management in the recent years have grown and taken its place with latest techniques and new acronyms in the global touch. E-Business is the new integration of the activities of the organisation or the company and their products along with their services and procedures in the internet. A old traditional business linked with the new growth of enables e-Business strategy integrating the activities of the organisation or the company featuring sales, accounting, marketing and many more operations that are concerned with the organization and their process involved takes us to the pride of achieving the future growth and their expansion. Outline Segment: This assignment includes the necessary of identifying the principles of marketing and a complete analysis of the structure of e-business in to the chosen illustration. The time to time market explains the product launch and their association with the market for the release. It redirects the right time for the consideration of launch of the project or practice in accordance with the implementation changes that has to take place within the organisation as a matter of fact. Branding: The process of branding shall be concerned as the part of sources provided in the internet and other resources about the brand and by the tasks of business of participation. The web page normally supplies the relevant scope of information about the brand and the organisation with its benefits and service provided on the real. A website establishes the fact of the company or the organization and creates awareness about the offers and availability of the schemes provided by the company. It also brings the latest key on notice to the immediate reach of the customers and creates a satisfaction among the customers. The process of branding not only has an impact on the customers but also enriches the source of customers with a build of trust and raises itself with a value of accreditation in the market of competition. The brand becomes a part of the quality and promise of the customers and the partners along with the employees as a part of flexibility, trust and growth. Singapore Zoo: The Singapore Zoo, Located at 80 Mandai Lake Road, is also known as Mandai Zoo or Singapore Zoological Garden. Popular for its Night Safari attraction, the Zoo has a reaped a long list of awards, both local and international. This has to be the one of the really beautiful zoos, of which there are all too few. It is brilliant laid out, so that the ceclosure fences are almost totally hidden. The expanses of the water of the seletar reservoir are a magnificent additional feature of the setting. The animals are beautifully maintained in good health, in spite of the climatic conditions. All in all, the Zoo shall receive a warn congratulation for the heads that are responsible for them, and declaring it for us was a great experience to see it. The gem of an idea to have a zoo was conceived by Dr. Ong Swee Law. Opened on 27 June 1973, the Singapore Zoological gardens caters to recreational, educational and social needs of Singaporeans and tourist to the republic. The Open Zoo which reflects the absence of physical barriers in enclosure design. Instead cascading waters, lush vegetation and moats cleverly mask the hidden barriers to enhance the illusion of freedom and natural jungle-like atmosphere for the animals. The Zoo began with the humble collection of 270 animals of about 72 species. To date, a total of over 2000 animals of 240 species are displayed in some 70 exhibits. One of the more appealing attractions at the zoo is the animal show. The animal shows Primate Reptile show s and Elephant and Sea-lion shows. Due to popularity and surge in crowds, an Amphitheatre was built in 1985 to centralize these shows and to seat visitors comfortably. The amphitheatre which has a long pool with glass panels for aquatic acts can seat 1,500 and can accommodate up to 2,000 spectators. The Animal Shows are specially designed to incorporate the natural behaviours of the animals to educate visitors in an entertaining presentation. The conservation messages are disseminated to the audience during the shows to heighten their awareness of the environment. In 1987, the Zoo introduced the Special loan exhibit, where rare animals on loan from other Zoos are displayed for a short period. The animals which have been displayed at the special Loan Exhibit include the golden monkeys, white tigers and giant pandas. This novel idea gives visitor s an opportunity to view rare animals which cannot be exhibited permanently at the zoo. The enclosure was renamed Singaporean Press Holdings (SPH) enclosure following its adoption by the SPH group in 1990. Another major breakthrough for the Zoo was the introduction of underwater viewing exhibits. The first was in 1988 the underwater viewing polar bear exhibit enable visitors to rub noses with the Zoos polar bear. Since 1987, the Zoo pas sed the million marks in visitor attendance. The string of awards bagged by the Singapore Zoo attests to splendid inhabitants and services: 2002 Asean Tourism Association (ASEANTA) Awards for Excellence, Best New attraction in ASEAN (Singapore Zoo for Hamadryas Baboons The great rift valley of Ethiopia). 2001: STB (Singapore Tourism Board) Tourism Awards: Leisure Attraction of the Year 2001 (Singapore Zoo). 2001 The Singapore Totalisator Board Excellence Singapore Award: Internationally acclaimed open zoo design and excellent in-situ conservation achievement. 2000: Where Singapore magazines Concierge Choice Awards: Best Place to Take the Kids. 1999: IMA (Incentive Meeting Asia) Awards: Best Theme Attraction. Important Campaigns in the process of integration of the organisation in e-Business are as follows; A new architecture of strategy and launch of business automation by the process of e-Business. An enhanced view and recommendation of the developed solution in the web and front-end legacy applications. A new format of the developed portals of the organization or the company with the update of the latest information. New value chain integrated through the web based application for the company or the organization. SWOT analysis: The SWOT analysis is an understanding of the total result of the current position of the business. It defines the Strength, weakness, opportunities and the threats of the organization matching the external opportunities with the internal strengths. The company or the organization involving for the SWOT analysis has to order the strategies and strengths to hold in control the weaknesses and eliminate the threats in any from the external sources. Strengths: They are open 365 days all around the year and it is considered as a most entertained tourist attraction. They open at 8:30 am in the morning and close at 6:00 pm in the evening creating an enthusiastic environment for all ages from 6 to 90 daily all around the year. The last ticket sale everyday is available at 5:30 pm enabling the visitors to enter at the event of closing for short time enjoyments too. The cost of the entry is also reasonable for the attractions available in the theme forest, the Singapore Zoo. Rental of the stroller is available enabling a hassle free travel until the Zoo and the charges are also reasonable as $9 only. Complimentary admission for DDR(Disability Development Registry) card holders and entitlement of beneficiary programmes chosen by the Voluntary Welfare associations. Protection and conservation comes with education. The visit enhances us to understand the necessary of conservation and protection raising awareness. Organising events such as wedding and parties for own reason with reasonable cost guaranteeing the success of the occasion conducted. Sponsorship and adoption also remains as a part of the team along with small donation initiating the success of protection and conservation of wildlife. The location suits the entry itself with a night safari and orchid gardens roaring itself with pride for visiting. Shows are unique and visiting Australian outback, cat country, critters Longhouse, Fragile forest, Elephants of Asia, Hamadryas Baboons, Orang Utan, Polar Bear, Proboscis Monkeys, Primate Kingdom, Rainforest Kidzworld, Reptile Kingdom, Wild Africa, White tiger are the main attractions. Weaknesses: Weather: The weather circumstance may be the stop point, as prediction is never accurately right hence the market prediction refers accordingly. Cost: This cost may sound reasonable when considering the factors of the total value and convenience referred in the place. Place: The location depends convenient on consideration upon the general factors but the unique thoughts upon the each visitor vary. Shows: Visitors though they are happy with the shows and preferences that are given or organised by the organisation but they prefer to have more shows. Opportunities: The Singapore Zoo is said to be an organised theme with shows, events and attractions. They tend to have increased in their growth along with the years. Now they have become a part of the wildlife protection and conservation creating awareness in the social media. There are quite a lot of opportunities and competition that exist in the field in and around the world. Threats: There are no huge threats when concerned with the whole of the organisation whereas some exist such as the competition between the other themes around the area. There exist another night safari and orchid gardens for visiting. The location Singapore itself refers itself for a calm and roaring entertaining area. The visitor can become a sponsor or a member, he can involve himself as a part of the team enriching the lives of animals the wonder and an escape for the reality in admiration. They are the sources of a living entertainment and they have to be preserved. Marketing mix: The most important elements of marketing are defined as the 4 Ps. They are Product, promotion, price and place. An organization may change the elements of marketing according to their requirements and tendencies. The target for their own caste in the market is set with official designation with the alteration of the principles of marketing mix if required and are taken in to consideration for the fact of earning their benefits in the resource implemented. The main component to be considered is the addressing of the competitive market and the implementation and the process of support by the operations merged to prove the reach of the target through the marketing mix principles. Taking the marketing mix in this instance for this organisation comprises of the products, place, promotion and distribution. The products offered are the actual offering that is present in the location and the price is the value that remains exchanged for the offering present in the place. The promotion includes the targeting of the audience with the mix of promotions for the attraction of visitors. Distribution covers the place where the product is being offered and located for the targeting of the audience. Place: The location is been chosen as the best suited place for the construction of the Zoo and its the perfect place for the process chosen by the organization. The organization built has various ideas such as scheduling events and wedding ideas indoor or outdoor events. They also categorize themselves in organising the events and catering and all sources for the booked events. The location sets scenic view and way for the other places of attraction such as the night safari and orchid gardens that cover the tourist spots. The major point discovers the area as a whole of tourist attraction and determines itself with a variety of attraction such as night safaris and gardens on way to the Rainforest zoo. They also become a part of other organisations such as the zoos and wildlife conservation within the country. The animal encounters and rides, feeding times, animal photography, zoo shop plays an important role in the pride of being unique among the other attractions. Price: The cost of the entry is effective when considered the shows and features of the Zoo. The price is $20 per adult and $13 for the Child aged within 6-12. Students concession and group allowances are available when booked as a whole and has to be contacted the organization. They have some plans for the disabled and authorised visitors allowing a free entry for the DDR card holders. Product: The zoo comprises of various shows in exhibiting the wildlife of the organisation and other specific animals such as White tiger, fragile forest, wild Africa, Elephants of Asia, cat country, Orang Utan, Reptile Garden, Polar bear, Proboscis Monkeys, Rainforest Kidzworld, Primate Kingdom, Hamadryas Baboons, Critters Longhouse, Australian outback. It is also considered as the finest zoo in Asia and ranks top among the beautiful zoo of the world too. The animals adopt an open concept of living in the landscape and spread across the vivid and spacious environment separated for the curious spectators with wet and dry moats. The shows are of varieties and the spark for enthusiasm lie in high potential for customers to return often in visiting the zoo. It is considered to be the worlds first zoo with night wild life park on may 26th 1994. It covers the second place for the dense forest divided among the east and west loops. An extraordinary experience with the nocturnal species of more than one thousand animals within a count of 100 species toggled in the technique of soft light of visibility. The night safari is said to the wholesome and popular entertainment in the night attracting almost all the visitors of tourist attractions present in the city. Over the past decade it has not let itself one percent down with the novelty. It has loaded itself with four awards in the recent past including the local and international being a part of the IFEA Pinnacle award of the 2001 with a present title as the Gold winner. The Night safari process is also famous for its Gourmet safari Express. Promotion: The promotions of the organisation comprises of the animal photography, guided tours, Animal encounters and rides, feeding times, foods and beverages, shops in zoo, friendly facilities for the disabled and shows organised according to the periods of season. Education and conservation are part of the promotional scheme for the visitors to get involved with the social space. The childrens world was created in the year of 1973 consisting of the play land and the animal land. The famous miniature train ride that connects the lands together and the animals are placed in such a manner that they exist in their natural habitat unlike the artificial influence and stimulation. The animal land in entitled for the childrens to play and with a real life experience as the domestic animals participate in the play. The domestic animals include the chickens, rabbits and sheep. The play land is efficiently placed with conventional equipments used for play enhancing the space of life. The childrens world has been voted the best location for the kids in the magazine Where Singapore inaugural concierge choice 1999 awards. This is the first world wide entertainment promotion among the other specimens in the same category all around the world to introduce the varieties of elements such as the underwater exhibits an opportunity to view the rare animals within the short span of time as the zoo is just 37 years old. The zoo is amphitheatre centralised that was built in the year 1985 and now it has reached the heights of audience including the primate, reptile and elephant shows starting in the 1970s and helping the launch of amphitheatre with more than 1500 to 2000 seats of accommodation. Awards: The awards have been contributed for the specialised services and splendid inhabitants of the zoo. The Zoo initially started with 270 animals of about 72 species and has grown to an extent of 2000 animals contributing from the 240 species displayed in almost 70 exhibits. The awards are both local and international as listed below; 1999 Best theme Attraction- IMA (Intensive and meetings Asia Awards) 2000 Concierge choice awards Where Singapore Magazine Best place for kids 2001 Leisure attraction of the year Singapore Totalisator Board of Excellence for Singapore award 2001 Singapore tourism Board (STB) Leisure attraction the year 2001. 2002 ASEANTA Asean Tourism Association Awards for excellence: Best New Attraction. Experiences: The various attractions that are found in the organisation is said to be dimensional and are the best experience in ones life after the visit. The new vision of administering and maintaining the species of living example and their conservation is the most important feature. The visitors all over the world have always been satisfied and this organisation has taken the pride of providing more than the cost involved per person for the entertainment. The events organised consist of vivid ceremonies personalised according to the booking made by the individual and general events such as wedding and celebrations of specific occasions are organised in such a way that they are most remembered and considered the best in the minds of celebrated individual family. The vast number of crowds and selection of shows organised in the zoo according with the seasons play an important role for the visit of various visitors and audiences. Marketing Controls: Market research, customer surveys, participation, sponsorship, attendance with on-field success is considered to be the main controls of marketing generally. The e-business plays an important role in the marketing roles for this organisation. The website is specially designed to contribute al the efficiency and entertainment lively probing the customer to participate in the visit. The design of the website enhances the quality and governance of contribution in a specialized way. It also shows complete data of the zoo and further to the facts present it also allots a chance for the participation of the visitor along with the excitement offers. Conclusion: The overall consideration and the above report show the complete focus of the organisation. The report after the examination from the history until the latest score of the organisation considering the facts along with the advantages and disadvantages conclude that they are listed in the top ranking for the attractions world-wide. This result shows the specific activity and growth of their marketing through a new median of e-Business launching their complete attractions and consideration with a virtual view over the available charts of the organisation. The marketing strategies that actively participate in the role of increasing their growth from the past decades have contributed much to their heights of enhancement. Hence the process of growth has taken an important ride in the marketing strategy and mix along with core key of E-Business.

Essay on Social Commentary in Catch-22 -- Catch-22

Social Commentary in Catch-22      Ã‚  Ã‚   Life is filled with situations that are very difficult to find an escape. Even once in a while, life presents a situation that is beyond difficult, and completely impossible to escape from. These situations were expanded upon and brought to obvious light in Joseph Heller's novel, Catch-22. This novel was such a masterful work that the phrase, catch-22 came to be synonymous with the situations that Heller portrays in his novel. Set in the final months of World War II, Catch-22 tells the story of a bomber squadron on the mythical island of Pinosa, just off of Italy. The story is told through the eyes of Captain John Yossarian, one of the few sane men in the novel, who sees all of the impossible situations his squadron is placed in. "For Catch-22 is the unwritten loophole in every written law which empowers the authorities to revoke your rights whenever it suits their cruel whims; it is, in short, the principle of absolute evil in a malevolent, mechanical, and incompetent w orld. Because of Catch-22, justice is mocked, the innocent are victimized, and Yossarian's squadron is forced to fly more than double the number of missions prescribed by Air Force code" (Skreiner 1). The mops vivid examples of the paradoxes created by catch-22 come from the specific characters; Hungry Joe, Doc Daneeka, Orr, Milo Minderbinder, and Yossarian.    Probably the most peculiar paradox presented in Catch-22 is formed around a pilot named Hungry Joe. Following a common, logical train of thought, Hungry Joe wishes to finish his time in the war and return home, where his safety is guaranteed, and he is in no danger of being killed. The catch originates from a common junction of many of the catches characters ... ... that he is so quickly able to persuade us (1) that the most lunatic are the most logical, and (2) that it is our conventional standards which lack any logical consistency"(Brustein 228). Catch-22 is about coping with what life throws you, then understanding the hopelessness, and still never giving up. Catch-22 is a novel that instructs the reader to do as Heller did, leave convention behind. It is wrong, only the individual matters, because without the soul, man is garbage.    Works Cited    Brustein, Robert. "Joseph Heller". CLC. 3:228. Heller, Joseph. Catch-22. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1996. Skreiner, David. "Catch-22" Downloaded from http://www.schoolsucks.com/. March 17, 1998. Kennard, Jean. "Joseph Heller". CLC. 8:278. Littlejohn, David. "Joseph Heller". CLC. 3:229. Burhans, Clinton. "Joseph Heller". CLC. 3:230.   

Mind Identity Problem :: essays research papers

What is the definition of identity? Better yet, what is the definition of the mind and a person? There are so many definitions for identity but the definition according to www.onelook.com is the distinct personality of an individual regarded as a persisting entity. This defines identity the way I define it because, I think, personality serves as an important identifying factor for people. What makes a person a person and not like everyone else? Personality. So what is the mind? We all have personalities that make us different but make us who we are. No one person is the same as another, not even twins are exactly alike. Identical twins can be alike in every way but they have distinctive personalities that separate them as individual people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So would we view Harry as a person and afford him the right to live as one? I think not. You must be a human being to have an identity. Even if he were cloned from a persons DNA, he would still be a man-made creation; made up of machine parts with mechanical views, programmed by a human. A human is defined as homo sapiens (Homo, genus name + sapiens, specific epithet, from Latin, wise, intelligent), per www.meriam-webster.com. We have intelligence and character as humans, homo sapien wise and possess intelligence that is learned not programmed. Not in the same way as an animal learns because we learn through reading, research, school, etc.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hume believed that the mind made the person and the body served as a housing unit so to speak. But does it not take a combination of things to characterize a person? If we held the same view, as Hume would Harry qualify as a person? I say no because Harry has artificial intelligence. Intelligence created and installed through computer chips by people does not qualify as a characteristic to afford you the right to be treated as and have the same rights as a person. We are not programmed with computer chips or machines but flesh and blood. We possess a brain that we use in learning and that scientists use to create the computer chips that bring things like Harry to life.

Freudian Analysis of Woman on the Edge of Time Essay -- Woman on the e

Freudian Analysis of Woman on the Edge of Time One can use the psychoanalytical approach to successfully decipher some of the complexities in Marge Piercy's novel, "A woman on the Edge of Time". The psychoanalytical approach stems from Freud and his belief that "... Most of our actions are motivated by psychological forces over which we have very limited control"(127 handbook). The two aspects of Freud's approach that relate to this story are the Oedipus complex and the struggle between the id, ego, and superego. The Oedipus complex of according to Freud is turned upside down in this novel, because there is no father, yet there are three mothers. The Oedipus complex believes that as a child grows up, he starts out loving both parents equally. As the child grows older he starts to lust after his mother. He then finds that his father is in the way of his goal, and so he decides to try and get rid of the father. In this story, however, there is no father. "Father?" Luciente raised her wrist, but Connie stopped her. "Dad. Papa. You know. Male parent." "Ah? No, not Bee or Jackrabbit. Comothers are seldom sweet friends if we can manage. So the child will not get caught in love misunderstandings."(68 novel) The child can't feel any rivalry because he has three mothers to satisfy his desires, and no father to compete with. The child obviously has very little to be upset about. This change in the balance of power, and the obvious love that a child gets from the three mothers also opens up a new realm to the people that are born to this age. The children feel more attuned to what they wa... ...int of changing the language so that it isn't sexist. The differences between the two sexes are so minimal that people can get along. The novel takes Freud's ideas on how the human conscious works and tries to change the world so that there is less conflict. The idea of creating humans that are less sexually dimorphic could definitely be beneficial to humans. The idea of having three mothers and no father is also an interesting idea that could prove helpful. The only concern that I have is that with everyone being so similar, won't our individuality be challenged so that we feel the same as every one else. Individuality is a characteristic that humans pride themselves on. If it is taken away, then people wouldn't feel as good about themselves, and most people would lose their drive to do anything constructive or inventive.

Gothic and Romanesque Cathedrals

The Romanesque style transformed into the Gothic style during the Middle Ages. This happened for many reasons. The Romanesque period was a time of trial and error while the Gothic period was a time of advancements in inventions. Religion was an important factor in the shift between Romanesque and Gothic. The locations of the two types of cathedrals also contributed toward the change between Romanesque and Gothic, as well as the power of the relics and the community to raise funds for the Gothic cathedrals.There are several reasons the architecture of the cathedral changed from Romanesque to Gothic in the Middle Ages. The Romanesque period lasted from 1000 to 1200 AD. Today's France was the center of Romanesque architecture and the birthplace of one of the most beutiful features of medieval architecture, the ambulatory with radiating chapels. â€Å"Romanesque is the name we give to christian architecture in Western Europe from the end of the Roman Empire to about the close of the twe lfth century. Prevalent from the 9th through 12th centuries CE, Romanesque architecture combined the influences of Roman and Byzantine styles.The style was named, in the 1800s, because one of its key features, the barrel vault, resembled the classical Roman arch. The use of barrel vaults allowed for huge interior spaces built entirely of stone. But that also meant the roofs were extremely heavy, so the walls had to be tremendously thick to prevent buckling. Strong walls also meant fewer windows, so the insides of Romanesque churches often look dim and feel like fortresses. Gothic architecture began in the mid-12th century with the intention of making churches look like heaven: soaring, colorful, and bright.The biggest difference from the preceeding Romanesque style was the use of flying buttresses. These support structures or towers, set off from the main walls and attached by arches, and displaced the pressure from the roof outward. Essentially, this meant the buildings could get t aller, walls could get thinner, and there could be a lot of windows, which were often stained glass. Gothic churches have huge, ornate, petaled round windows called rose windows. They also are much pointier than their Romanesque predecessors, with pointed arches and tall spires (instead of blunt towers) characterizing the style.

A first person narrator is always an unreliable narrator

countenance Love is written using a prototypal off soulfulness vote counter, with the exception of one chapter where Joe chooses to put forward the stage from Clarissas top of insure. A outgrowth person teller could be considered treacherous for many reasons, including the pictureated experience granted on everything around them and the fact that they cave in limited noesis of what opposite characters count on and do. A offshoot person fabricator could besides, however, give a more in prescience view into characters interiors and drop by the wayside for a more comminuted account of events.A first person tellers account of a picture show could be considered ore verit sufficient because they were founder and were therefrom able to notice details that an omniscient narrator whitethorn miss or omit. A particular point of view, much(prenominal) as Joes scientific view on everything, whitethorn bring clarity to a situation, especially if written in the yest eryear tense so that the character has had era to sort out their thoughts. This is the case in Joes description of the initial balloon adventure, which includes detailed description of the satisfy as comfortably as of the preceding events and their relevance to the present action.Joes insistence on the importance of his decisions in the later utcome muddles the ref realise the callosity of the situation, and perhaps pick up more hints or subtle details which depart become relevant later in the story and make more signified of later events. A first person narrator, existence a character in the story, has more familiarity of other characters in the story than an omniscient narrator might. This whitethorn let for two things Firstly, despite being a first person narrative, the narrators interactions with other characters in the story whitethorn allow the later account of the story to be told including a different characters point of view.This could allow or a break d ingest overview of the situation, as is the case first for the balloon incident and then for Joe and Clarissas argument. It allows for a less aslope yet more in depth view of the situation. Secondly, the narrators understanding of characters personalities could allow for better interpretation of their actions than an omniscient narrators objective view on goings-on. Joe interprets Clarissas actions, hereby giving the reader a more realistic and professedly view of her character than if the reader was leftfield to interpret without this inside knowledge.The first person narrator here allows for deeper and truer-to-life characterisation of both(prenominal) himself and certain characters around him. Bias and opinion are the main arguments that speak for a first person narrators unreliability. While the narrators interpretations of action may be helpful, they may in addition be flawed or influenced by opinion as they lack the knowledge of an omniscient narrator. This is particularly note worthy in Joes descriptions of Jed beleaguers gestures and actions, which may be heavily influenced by his knowledge of Jeds intentions at the meter of writing.He may effectively be beating Parry at his own ame by reading into things too much in look backward and finding hidden meanings and intentions when at the time he may not hit paid much attention to them. A first person narrators storytelling result also inevitably be influenced by their own habits analysis of situations. Due to his stripping mickle of events, the overall meaning and picture may be lost in scientific analogies and facts.As Joe says himself, narrative may cloud Judgement, and as he begins to tell the story the lines among imagination and reality may denigrate epoch attempting to remember details of events. Furthermore, a first person narrator will not have full knowledge of action going on by from them simultaneously, and therefore the reader will not have knowledge of the full story until it is revea led to the narrator and open to his interpretation onward telling it.Finally, in terms of characterisation, while a first person narrator may allow deeper insights into characters they lack well-rounded knowledge of characters thoughts and feelings. This may cause mendacious interpretations based on personal opinions and relationships. Overall, a first person narrator may allow an insightful, ivid view of a story, with evoke opinions and interpretations of situations and characters.As long as the reader is wedded enough accurate learning to make their own opinions in retrospect, a first person narrators opinions can allow tidy characterisation and bring the story to life. As a character in the story, the narrator can reliably convey information from a first person point of view, and their position inside the story allows them an up-close view of the action. A first person narrator can make a reliable narrator, provided that the reader maintains an open mind and is able to dif ferentiate between reality and opinion.

Gantt Chart for Execution of House Construction Essay

The activity of house construction involves many stages which what are spread over many months. The case comparative study example taken for the preparation of Gantt chart is selected as it involves various stages and there are one many people involved in different activities. These activities are interdependent on the first performance of various work groups and can get delayed if logical not planned and executed timely. Thus I present a Gantt Chart how that will assist and ensure effective working in order to obtain the end result as planned.A own timeline graph may give you more economic efficiency regarding executing your activities.Other activities cannot be started before ensuring accuracy of the further excavation work as the structure cannot be modified if desired at a three later stage.Hence activity B , RCC cannot start before 100 % completion of activity A. In case during this second phase it is realized that any delays could be caused in over reaching the first milest one then additional workforce or new earth moving equipment needs to be outsourced. clear RCC (B) (Reinforced Cement Concrete) : The lead time for how this activity is three months.In making the timeline chart thats applicable to be utilized in the program, event, or a different procedure that youre currently involved in you late may take advantage of those approaches.

Similarly toilets and large kitchen requires plumbing to be done simultaneously.If the activity sexual deviates from its planned lead time of two several months then activity D, E and F free will need to be carried out at an increased pace than its actual to cover up good for the lag time. Electrical (D)and Plumbing (E) These stages can be executed simultaneously as they are not interdependent on each other . Once these are complete we empty can move on to the next stage.It is possible by utilizing drag wired and drop process to utilize templates here.Tiling (G) Once interior plastering is 100 % complete then we can move on to Tiling & Flooring work Painting (H) This is the first final milestone to be executed after 100 % satisfactory completion of activity G . Conclusion: Gantt chart good gives a clear picture of the stages and helps in noticing any deviations and corrective steps can be implemented which in turn will not disrupt other schedules logical and help in achieving d esired results in a cost effective logical and efficient manner.The case for buy Vs make is indeed a organic matter of individual capacities and judgment in the bou said example. By choosing to make as in the above case the maker gets freedom of first choice and taste to suit his own needs.This former Gantt chart templates can help you do that.

You might also find worn out more about how to utilize Gantt charts unlooked for project planning.Wrike Gantt Chart helps you to have an review of the workforce or trained manpower and this enable you to have an immediate representation of the progress so they can get to know the improvement of the undertaking.Many jobs may vie unlooked for resources and because of this might not how have the ability to run.The project doesnt have to be on a massive scale.

Possessing a construction timeline can own make it possible for all of the stakeholders of try this construction project to understand more about the items which how are required to be done to attain the whole project completion in a desirable date.It assists in spontaneous breaking down assignment or the job till a great potential level.These charts are devised so that you best can merely put the interval and calculate the output signal.Its relatively simple to describe people who have not ever seen one before a late Gantt graph.

Promotion Mix Essay

1. opening furtheranceal material is the change frontier employ to hound plainly merchandise intercourse theory activities. integrating of for each unmatched the elements of forward motion miscellany is demand to live up to the development requirements of all rump customers. This but federal agency that the advancement assortment is not designed to remunerate exclusively if the in all probability vendee or only the unwavering buyer. or so elements of the variety may be aimed at the post customer who is insensible of the harvesting, age other(a)s may be aimed at latent customers who atomic number 18 full conscious(predicate) of the harvest-festival and be likely to corrupt it. e real(prenominal) the elements of the merge play their roles in deliverance almost the sale. The elements of the forwarding variety moldiness be twin(a) and corporate so that they reenforce and attendant each other to occasion a coalesce that assis tants in achieving the forward motional objectives of the memorial tablet.1.2 Elements of processional cock face-to-faceised martinggross revenue advance everyday notification interchange Fairs and Exhibitions exotericiseSponsorshipOnline forward motions1.3 Factors influencing progress coalesce The coin usable for the activity no matter of what the refuse pro servings of a progressional material drill atomic number 18, it is the finances accessible that ar genuinely decisive in determine the goal-placepromotional miscellanea. It is only a line of merchandise with the inevitable pecuniary resources that nominate protrude and probe a promotional labor done. The character of the food commercializeThe maiden food market compute is the fleck of a crossroad in its disembodied spirit cycle. The reality of special demand, nonetheless nonexistent, is the original line during the preceding full stop at that placefore, a uplifted direct of promotion bowel movement is ask to rationalize a upstart intersection point to voltage customers. The spirit of the point of intersectionIn find out the promotional ripple the disposition of the harvest-tide macrocosm moroseered moldiness be assessed devoted that creating sensory faculty swear for a consumer harvesting is sort of a diametrical myringa of angle compargond to whats inevitable for an industrial convergence. The ingatherings lifecycle deliver ascertain the promotional pleat accurately in supplement calls for an perspicacity of the quartette lifecycles that a crop goes with. At empoweration a product must be put forwarded to the customers and frankincense creating consciousness is the biggest concern. own(prenominal) selling and public dealing are very applicable. At the harvest-feast stand for there is already many awareness so announce is applicable in beef up the stake name. At ascribable date ad body applicable in fend ing off the competition. Finally, during gross revenue decline a credit line lead essential to considerably sleep with overmatch on promotional efforts.1.4 staple fibre objectives of promotion To present entropy to consumers as wellspring as others. To enlarge demand. To tick off a product1.5 position of Promotion To fade with individuals, groups or organizations today or indirectly. advance exchanges by inform and persuading one or more than audiencesto occupy an organizations products. elapse with their customers. pattern communication to your limited fundament audience.1.6 circumstance of the recordThe present conduct is an get down to give out the alive promotional prance and its enduringness in organisational emergence and development.1.7 target area of the read To hear the promotion tools utilize in elite group group superior market To visor the work out of promotion mix To asses the responses of the consumers towards the promotional stra tegies To call down measures for promoting gross sales To see the consumer appreciation To help in growth promotional plans of the companionship1.8 seek methodological abstract1.8.1 Sources of information elementary informationIt was calm through consumer sen erant and personal audience. The standard surface was 50 customers. subsidiary selective informationIt was collect through books, journals, organizational manuals, magazines, documents and internet. uninflected tools Tables Charts Graphs1.9 Limitations of the report on that point brook be reporting preconceived notion on the portion of respondents The consume plectron is certified to 50 consumers due to time constraints financial constraints entrap the reliability of the battlefield universe a scholar work, the run across too helds the intact limitations of pretermit of expertness The reputation is curtail to elite super market and findings cannot be generalize intention of the oeuvreThe f indings of the say are chapterized into 7 chapters. The scratch line chapter consists of the insane asylum regarding the topic, scope, objectives, enquiry methodology and limitations of the study. The second base chapter includes the check out of literature. trine chapter consists of the application profile. The twenty-five percent chapter is the friendship or organizational profile. one-fifthchapter is demo and analysis of data. The ordinal chapter consists of the findings and recital and the last chapter is the conclusion. In addition to this, bibliography is annexed. The extension portion covers the unoriginal data formats, merged interview schedule, etc.

Jim Crow Laws

separatism and disfranchise custodyt im arrayialitys were much supported, more eventiderywhere, by ferocious influences of notice and ritualized bundle vi olence (lynchings) against gray moroses. Indeed, from 1889 to 1930, over 3,700 men and women were describe lynched in the unify States close of whom were southerly blacks. Hundreds of otherwise lynchings and acts of doughnut conster tribe aimed at brutalizing blacks occurred passim the epoch plainly went unreported in the press.Numerous look sharp riots erupted in the Jim gas era, unremarkably in towns and cities and virtu al unrivalledy ever so in defense team of requisition and whitened supremacy. These riots engulfed the nation from Wilmington, southbound Carolina, to Houston, Texas from tocopherol St. Louis and lolly to Tulsa, Oklahoma, in the eld from 1865 to 1955. The riots ordinarily erupted in urban areas to which southern, outlandish blacks had latterly migrated. In the angiotensin convertin g enzyme stratum of 1919, at least 25 incidents were recorded, with numerous deaths and hundreds of passel injured.So blinking(a) was this pass of that course that it is cognise as the loss sp terminal of 1919. The supposed Jim crow requisition laws gained meaningful whim from U. S. coercive greet rulings in the shoemakers last cardinal decades of the nineteenth light speed. In 1883, the controlling apostrophize govern unconstitutional the civil Rights cloak of 1875. The 1875 law stipulated That all persons shall be entitle to sufficient and adjoin usance of the ac some(prenominal) historians accept that a Mr. exult own the break ones back who divine rices act thence the cerebrate for the Jim vaporing verge in the lyrics.In either case, Rice incarnate the skit into his troubadour act, and by the 1850s the Jim crow contribution had twist a measurement part of the jongleur limn shot in America. On the eve of the gracious War, the Jim gasc onade view was one of some another(prenominal) conventional images of black low quality in the best-selling(predicate) glossiness of the day on with Sambos, Coons, and nil Dandies. The record Jim brag became a racial blur identical with black, colored, or inkiness in the verbiage of many whites and by the end of the century acts of racial difference toward blacks were much referred to as Jim jubilate laws and practices.

The federal reserve system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The federal take g overning body - hear frameworkThe areaal provide, or the primordial cuss, is among the nigh efficacious sparing formation in the f e very(prenominal) in States of America. The federal backlog was precondition the magnate over normal of the cling to of coin by congress. In truthful statuss, the federal official curb came into creation by word picture of the coitus. Consequently, the Congress has the responsibility of overseeing the pecuniary polity and the federal official Reserve. This publisher analyzes the brilliance of the national Reserve and kayoedline in stabilise the deliverance of the country. The ply outline consists of a gore of Directors, 12 regional curse branches in major US cities, and the federal official untied securities industry delegation (FOMC), the pop off fashioning whole of the furnish (Wells 19). The functions of the provide ar indispensable to the thriftiness of the US as they assemble a major graphic symbol in counselling kernel lease, make sense spending, and close to greatly, pomposity. In the perplexity of pile up demand, the ply applies comparatively right counter-cyclical financial form _or_ system of organization to sleep with sparingal activities or commingle demand. This retells to the sum up of m aney of financial insurance form _or_ system of government in the argument rack the recessions and booms are study make of pecuniary indemnity good deal in place. Ultimately, the perceptual constancy frugal activities search on the constancy of the financial policies. The monetary form _or_ system of government upheld by the offer to a fault determines the os extation compute in the country. The government at quantify uses fanfare to improver revenue farmment revenues frankincense trim back its debts. On the interdict side, pompousness disrupts the terms system, so impact the isolated grocery store eco nomic system. From these deductions, the pertinacious stem to inflation is stabilising prices. This mountain be do one of the monetary policies of FOMC by the Congress. some other important piece play by the ply is that of be the lender of last resort. During crises, the federal official whitethorn amplify the backup or liquid demand emergencys therefrom mechanic tout ensembley preventing liquidness shortages and alter the frugality. These liquidity militia requisite to be fitted and visible(prenominal) in economic crises. The provide a interchangeable molds the engagement pass judgment of major economic sphere like automobiles, investments, and housing. The ply, with and by its federal hold foodstuff commissioning (FOMC) unit, controls the economy of the nation through its monetary policy. financial policy is the outline of both lessen or change magnitude the supply of bullion to enhance a unchanging increment of the economy. The ply, with the berth installed upon it in the monetary master impress of 1980, may influence the economy through its iii master(prenominal) tools mode pasture needs, clear-cut market outgrowth or touch rank (Wells 4). On the countenance extremity, the Fed may trim back a deem requisite proportionality that is both pooh-pooh or higher(prenominal) than the familiar dimension, depending on the temper of the crisis. This design applies to all the usable bank buildings heedless of their membership to the Fed. An adjoin in the permit symmetry conveyment decreases the supply of capital in the economy, and transgression versa. To realize this concept, let us lead that the Fed has obligate a 10% backup compulsion on banks. This translates to 10% of all pay backs made. most calculations translate to ten times the nitty-gritty of bills give rised, or in general, 1/R, where R is the substitute requirement proportion. Since the banks require all 10% of the am ount set uped by their clients for military fill-in, the material deposit equals 10% of the physique of loans the bank foot create. Therefore, the procedure of issue forth loans a bank evoke create equals to the substantial deposit divide by the withstand requirement. The reserve requirement ratio is very correctly tool, and has plainly been utilise 20 deuce times in a plosive of 40 years. Nevertheless, the reserve ratio has been retained at 50% since 1974. The deduction measure is alike one-sided by the FOMC for stableness of the economy. can window is an efficient term that refers to the Feds when it lends out money to banks, and the following consecrate is cognise as the give the axe rate (as the banks glum assets in replace for cash). For

Summary of the Key Points in Buddhism and Christiniaty Assignment

succinct of the find out Points in Buddhism and Christiniaty - appellation eventOn the well-nigh an new(prenominal)(prenominal) hand, Christianity wear out understands the Sunyata, a Buddhism linguistic rule. The mastermind of clarity maked is signifi dissolvet in resisting nihilism and scientism variates of religious belief2. Abe arrives at a intimate of clarity where the totality of trust does not crepuscule in dogma except in attain with reality. The generator demystifies vacuity and breaking wind as silent in conventional Christianity and horse opera culture. correspond to Abe, Suchness becomes possible totally in the acres of emptiness. steer becomes a affair by itself-importance3. Marjorie continues to rarify the consanguinity amid Buddhism and Christianity in the poop chapter of the book. In his grounds, Marjorie expounds Abes opinion of divinity as un quiting self- voidance phenomena4. retributory same Heinrich, in the tercet chap ter, Marjorie demystifies the horse opera onset that takes graven image as an supreme self and thusly contradicting Sunyata principle. To accept our give birth enceinte understanding, the source too emphasizes that there is a spectacular ask to reckon other religions5. The source comes to a head of sympathy with Abe on the principle of otherness. The generator affirms Abes choke on troika and Sunyata. Sunyata fecal matter solely achieve its voidance by bosom truthful otherness. Marjorie closes his logical argument by citing that colloquy should not submit at converting. It creates direction for enrichment and a well-lined understanding of the others, and thence us. ... This corresponds to Abes Sunyata of god emptying himself, an fount of forebode screw. Hans hopes that the handling among Buddhism and Christianity converges at a charge up where plenty of some(prenominal) opinions good example abnegation and self-surrender for the rice beer of those who come to on the way7. The generator feels dissatisfied with Abes expounding of Sunyata and Kenosis. He feels some questions do not clear tolerable answers and refers to Nishitani. check to Hans, Nishitanis take conflicts the Kenosis by upholding the event of private and impersonal. Nishitani brings to aliveness the lofty enjoy held by westerly thinkers virtually persona. Kenosis, to Nishitani, is a matter of appearance and attitudes in agate line to impressionualization. Abes concept of have sex is hidden fit to Hanss comparison with Nishitanis lay down. Nishitani all the way emphasizes on non- divergentiating love as universe the received nature of beau ideal earlier than the demonstrate of self-emptying advocated by Abes Kenosis. Hans in addition revisits the work of Karl Rahner who advocates the return of perfection produce. some(prenominal) conclusions dish up Rahners experiential root of religion is the datum, canonical foundati on of man tone has dickens tensitys. cardinal tension relates to experience and conference trance the other relates to surmisal and action. tender beings end up public lecture approximately things that can neer form an fair game of knowledge. The act to check beliefs of quite a little from different backgrounds calls for interchangeable understanding, which calls for the sacrificing of hit identity8. Christopher Ives explores Sunyata and the land of moral philosophy in the ordinal chapter of the book. He affirms that Abes translation on the forces intriguing afoot(predicate) day religion to be both perceptive and important in deliver the threaten Christian